Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects enrolled in the study will include patients with irreversible chronic renal failure; either those receiving chronic hemodialysis or anticipation that hemodialysis will be required. * Subjects for consideration in the study will be referred from the out-patient nephrology clinic at the University of Chicago or a dialysis unit affiliated with DaVita Dialysis for a primary AVF. The patient will be referred for AVF placement and evaluated at the University of Chicago by a transplant or vascular surgeon. If it is determined that the patient is a candidate for fistula placement, the surgeon will decide based on physical exam, the best location for the access. If the optimal location is a proposed BCF, a research coordinator will be notified and the patient will be enrolled by written consent approved by the IRB from the University of Chicago. * Subjects who can provide consent or consent of a surrogate through proxy Exclusion Criteria: * Patients will be excluded if they are less than 21 years of age * Pregnant females will be excluded. A careful history will be taken and women who are pregnant or have a clinical indication will have a serum pregnancy test with a positive result will be excluded. * Those with a known history of anaphylaxis from contrast * Those who are found to be ineligible to have a surgical placement of a BCF as determined by the surgeon Additional Criteria for the sub-study Inclusion Criteria: * No history of hemodialysis prior to BCF access placement Exclusion Criteria: * History of hemodialysis prior to BCF access placement