Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: Retrospective * All patients who were referred to the surgical service for evaluation and management of aortic dissection were included. Perspective * Patients with initial suspicion of having AAD were perspectively enrolled. Exclusion Criteria: Retrospective * Patients who received packed red blood cells, whole blood, or platelets less than 10 days before the blood sample was taken; * Patients with aortic trauma, pseudo aneurysm, history of heart failure, renal dysfunction, severe pulmonary diseases, or active cancer; * Patients who entered the hospital for checkups after surgery. Perspective * Patients in whom there is little or no suspicion of a life-threatening disease; * Patients with confirmed acute myocardial infarction,angina or pulmonary embolism * The symptoms were clearly not related to AD (e.g. pleurisy, pneumonia, acute abdominal diseases).