Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients ≥ 18 years of age 2. Critically ill patients with hemoglobin ≤ 6 g/dL (or 7-8 g/dL with significant active bleeding), and physiologic evidence of critical ischemia, for example: elevated troponins, altered mental status, acute renal failure, lactic acidosis or evidence of central nervous system acute deficits 3. Patients or their Legally Authorized Representative who are able and willing to provide informed consent 4. Blood is not an option due to: * refusal of transfusion * lack of compatible red blood cells Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to beef products 2. Patients with pre-existing uncontrolled hypertension, heart failure, renal failure (caution should be exercised if renal insufficiency is present), circulatory hypervolemia or systemic mastocytosis\* 3. Patients who are eligible for blood transfusions 4. Patients who are \> 80 years old\* 5. Pregnant or lactating women * on a case by case and quality of life determination