Clinical Research Directory

All SCI research participants, irrespective of gender, will be selected based on the following: Inclusion Criteria: 1. At least 18 years of age at the time of enrollment; 2. Stable medical condition; 3. Non-progressive SCI T5 or above; 4. Sustained SCI at least 12 months prior to enrollment; 5. At least a 15% deficit in pulmonary function outcomes (FVC or FEV1) as was detected by screening spirometry Exclusion Criteria: 1. Untreated musculoskeletal dysfunction; 2. Unhealed fracture; 3. Untreated contracture or pressure sore; 4. Ventilator dependence; 5. Untreated depression, psychiatric disorder, or ongoing drug abuse; 6. Major pulmonary or cardiovascular disease; 7. Major esophageal or gastrointestinal disease; 8. Endocrine disorder, malignancy, marked obesity, deep vein thrombosis, or HIV/AIDS related illness; 9. Secondary causes of orthostatic hypotension (anemia, hypervolemia, endocrine, or neurological); 10. Pregnancy by self-report. All Non-Disabled research participants, irrespective of gender, will be selected based on the following: Inclusion Criteria: 1. At least 21 years of age at the time of enrollment. 2. FVC and FEV1 values 80% of predicted or above indicating healthy pulmonary function by screening spirometry. Exclusion Criteria: 1. History of respiratory disease by self-report, 2. History of cardiovascular disease by self-report.