Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients ≥ 18 years of age requiring open instrumented dorsal spinal fusion of at least 1 level (involving two adjacent vertebras and one intervertebral disc) * Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Preoperative ongoing infectious disease present as judged by primary surgeon (based on lab results and clinical assessment); * Previous spine surgery at index level within last 90 days; * Known allergy to vancomycin; * Percutaneous or transmuscular instrumentation (minimally-invasive surgery) only without lumbar interbody fusion; * Postoperative radiotherapy of surgical site required (e.g. for tumor) * Preexisting cochlea damage OR known history of hearing loss NOT clearly associated with age-related hearing impairment (presbycusis); * Renal insufficiency with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 15-30 ml/min or worse; * Pregnancy or breastfeeding women; * Participation in other ongoing clinical trials; * Patients lacking capacity to consent;