Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 to 80 years old with informed consent * Bladder tumours with maximal dimension of ≥ 3cm Exclusion Criteria: * Bladder tumour detected during intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy (These patients warrant more aggressive treatment, i.e. radical cystectomy) * Estimated glomerular filtration rate of \<60mL/min. * Presence of clinically significant cardiovascular disease (History of acute myocardial infarction, presence of uncontrolled angina within 3 months before screening, New York Heart Association Class III or IV congestive heart failure, presence of ventricular arrhythmias, or presence of second-degree or third-degree heart block) * Presence of GOLD Stage III or IV chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * History of bleeding disorder or use of anti-coagulant * Presence of other active malignancy * ECOG performance status ≥ 2 (Ambulatory and capable of all self care but unable to carry our any work activities. Confined to bed or chair less than 50% of waking hours) * Pregnancy * Presence of metallic foreign body or implant which is not MRI compatible * Known history of claustrophobia