Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥18 years at the time of enrolment, 2. Open heart surgery in the last 10 days, 3. Atrial fibrillation requiring anticoagulation (including pre-existing or post-operative atrial fibrillation), 4. Informed consent from either the patient or a substitute decision-maker. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Mechanical valve replacement, 2. Antiphospholipid syndrome (triple positive), 3. Severe renal failure (Cockcroft-Gault equation; creatinine clearance \<15 ml/min), 4. Known significant liver disease (Child-Pugh classification B and C), 5. Left ventricular thrombus, 6. Ongoing bleeding, hemorrhagic disorders, or bleeding diathesis, 7. Known contraindication for any DOAC or VKA, 8. Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or of childbearing potential, 9. Surgery including left ventricular assist device implantation or cardiac transplantation, 10. Previously enrolled in this trial, 11. Follow-up not possible, 12. History of moderate or severe mitral valvular lesion (stenosis or regurgitation) that is not corrected during index cardiac surgery.