Inclusion Criteria:
1. Male or Female aged 18 to 80 years at the time of consent.
2. Patients must have a histological or cytological diagnosis of advanced/metastatic immunotherapy responsive solid carcinoma for which immune checkpoint blockade is approved, that has progressed on immune checkpoint-blockade therapy.
3. Patients must have received an immune checkpoint blockade therapy-based regimen as prior treatment.
4. Only patients without other therapeutic alternatives with curative or survival prolonging potential per investigator judgement are able to participate.
5. Subjects must have had clinical benefit in terms of disease control (CR/PR/SD) while on checkpoint inhibitor treatment defined as ≥ 3 month free from progression from initial imaging documenting advanced/metastatic disease followed by radiographic disease progression after checkpoint inhibitor per investigator's opinion.
6. Patients must have progressive disease or relapse at the time of screening.
7. Patients may have previously received chemotherapy, immunotherapy or radiation therapy. Such therapies must be completed at least 4 weeks prior to study drug administration. Radiotherapy within 4 weeks of the first dose of study drug, is allowed for palliative radiotherapy to a limited field, such as for the treatment of bone pain or a focally painful tumor mass. During the expansion part, to allow evaluation of response to treatment, patients must have remaining measurable disease that has not been irradiated.
8. Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2.
9. Patient has an estimated life expectancy of at least 12 weeks.
10. At least one unidimensionally measurable lesion either by computed tomography (CT), MRI or PET/CT as defined by RECIST (v. 1.1) for solid tumors.
11. Documented negative test for HIV-HBV-HCV. For HBV serology: the determination of HBsAg, and anti-HBcAg-Ab is required. In patients with serology documenting previous exposure to HBV (i.e., anti-HBs Ab with no history of vaccination and/or anti-HBc Ab), negative serum HBV-DNA is required. For HCV: HCV-RNA or HCV antibody test. Subjects with a positive test for HCV antibody but no detection of HCV-RNA indicating no current infection are eligible.
12. All acute toxic effects (excluding alopecia and fatigue) of any prior therapy (including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy) must have resolved to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (v. 5.0) Grade ≤ 1.
13. Full resolution of checkpoint blockade therapy-related adverse effects (including immune-related adverse effects) and no treatment for these AEs for at least 4 weeks prior to the time of enrollment. The only exception are patients with checkpoint blockade induced hypothyroidism and hypophysitis if these patients are on stable maintenance therapy with on levothyroxine or steroids (≤ 10 mg prednisone equivalent) for at least 2 months prior dosing.
14. No history of severe immune related adverse effects from prior given immune checkpoint blockade therapy (CTCAE Grade 4; CTCAE Grade 3 requiring treatment \>4 weeks).
15. Female patients: negative blood pregnancy test at Screening for women of childbearing potential (WOCBP)\*. WOCBP must agree to use, from the screening to six months following the last study drug administration, highly effective contraception methods, as defined by the "Recommendations for contraception and pregnancy testing in clinical trials" issued by the Head of Medicine Agencies' Clinical Trial Facilitation Group (www.hma.eu/ctfg.html) and which include, for instance, progesterone-only or combined (estrogen- and progesterone-containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation, intrauterine devices, intrauterine hormone-releasing systems, bilateral tubal occlusion or vasectomized partner.
16. Male patients: male subjects able to father children must agree to use two acceptable methods of contraception throughout the study (e.g. condom with spermicidal gel). Double-barrier contraception is required.
17. Negative TB test (e.g. Mantoux or Quantiferon assay).
18. A personally signed and dated informed consent document indicating that the subject has been informed of all pertinent aspects of the study and has given consent to participate in the study.
19. Willingness and ability to comply with the scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests and other study procedures.
* Women of childbearing potential are defined as females who have experienced menarche, are not postmenopausal (12 months with no menses without an alternative medical cause) and are not permanently sterilized (e.g., tubal occlusion, hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral salpingectomy)
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Subjects who participated in an investigational drug or device study within 4 weeks prior to study treatment start.
2. Radiotherapy within 4 weeks prior to study treatment start.
3. Active or history of autoimmune disease that might deteriorate when receiving an immuno-stimulatory agent.
4. Patients with primary brain tumors or CNS disease (including brain metastases).
5. Patient taking herbal medications within 7 days prior to study treatment start.
6. Known history of allergy to an excipient in study medication or any other intravenously administered human proteins/peptides/antibodies.
7. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \< 1.5 x 10\^9/L, platelets \< 100 x 10\^9/L or haemoglobin (Hb) \< 9.0 g/dl.
8. Chronically impaired renal function as indicated by creatinine clearance \< 60 mL/min or serum creatinine \> 1.5 ULN.
9. Inadequate liver function (ALT, AST, ALP ≥ 2.5 x ULN or total bilirubin ≥ 2.0 x ULN). At the discretion of the investigator, an increased exclusion threshold for patients with liver metastasis can be accepted as follows: ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin ≥ 5 x ULN.
10. Any severe concomitant condition which makes it undesirable for the patient to participate in the study or which could jeopardize compliance with the protocol, in the opinion of the investigator.
11. History within the last year of cerebrovascular disease and/or acute or subacute coronary syndromes including myocardial infarction, unstable or severe stable angina pectoris.
12. Heart insufficiency (\> Grade II, New York Heart Association (NYHA) criteria).
13. Clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias or requiring permanent medication.
14. Abnormal LVEF or any other abnormalities observed during baseline ECG and echocardiogram investigations that are considered as clinically significant by the investigator. Subjects with current, or a history of QT/QTc prolongation would be excluded. In particular:
* patients with a marked prolongation of QT/QTc interval (e.g., repeated demonstration of QTc \>480 milliseconds using Fredricia's QT correction formula) are excluded;
* patients with a history of risk factors for Torsades de Pointes (e.g., heart failure, hypokalemia, family history of prolonged QT syndrome) are excluded;
* patients who require the use of concomitant medications that prolong the QT/QTc interval are excluded.
15. Uncontrolled hypertension as defined by systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg at 3 consecutive measurements performed within one week. Note: if the first blood pressure measurement is below threshold for systolic or diastolic blood pressure, it is not required to repeat the measurement.
16. Ischemic peripheral vascular disease (Grade IIb-IV according to Leriche-Fontaine classification).
17. Severe diabetic retinopathy such as severe non-proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy.
18. Major trauma including major surgery (such as abdominal/cardiac/thoracic surgery) within 4 weeks of study treatment start.
19. Pregnancy or breast-feeding.
20. Systemic chronic steroid therapy (\>10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) or any other immunosuppressive therapy within 14 days prior to study treatment start. Topical, inhaled, nasal and ophthalmic steroids are allowed.
21. Presence of active and uncontrolled infections or other severe concurrent disease, which, in the opinion of the investigator, would place the patient at undue risk or interfere with the study.
22. Concurrent or previous malignancies (other than the indication for this trial), unless a complete remission without further recurrence was achieved at least 2 years prior to study treatment start.
23. Growth factors or immunomodulatory agents within 7 days prior to study treatment start.
24. Serious, non-healing wound, ulcer or bone fracture.
25. Deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or other acute vascular events within 6 months.
26. Requirement of concurrent use of other anti-cancer treatments or agents other than study medication.
27. Any recent live vaccination within 4 weeks prior to treatment or plan to receive vaccination during the study.
