Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. For HIV positive participants: * HIV infection, as documented by any licensed ELISA test kit. Participants on ART as a result of prior HIV documented infection will not be required to provide proof of diagnosis of HIV infection. * Additional criteria for HIV positive 1. on ART for at least 1 year. Occasional viral blips up to 1000 copies/ml also acceptable provided the patients are on continuing treatment, 2. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count available in the prior 6 months and \>200/mm3 3. Undetectable viral load (\< 40 copies/mL). Blips of \<1000 copies/mL will be allowed. 2. For HIV negative participants: * Documented negative HIV test at the time of study entry, either by any licensed ELISA. 3. For all participants: 1. Individuals age: ≤35 years and ≥65 years. 2. No history of other immunodeficiency disorders 3. Not on steroid or other immunosuppressive/immunomodulators medications. 4. No active malignancies. 5. Agreeable to receive both regular standard (STD-TIV) and high dose (HD-TIV) influenza vaccination. 6. Agreeable to participate in study for a complete course of study full visits including 2 consecutive flu seasons. 7. Able to provide informed consent. Exclusion criteria 1. Contraindication to receive influenza vaccination. 2. Non-adherence to ART for HIV positive 3. Unable to provide informed consent. 4. Influenza vaccination already given during the current vaccination season. 5. Known drug abuse including cocaine by history