Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years old and older; * diagnosed with a Bosniak III or IV cyst (classification 2019); * size of cystic component ≤7cm; * cyst wall/septum nodule (obtuse margin of protrusion) \<10mm (perpendicular axis) or nodular/solid component ≤2 cm in any axis; * life expectancy \>5 years (by physician's estimate); * new diagnosis ≤ 12 months from accrual date; * currently asymptomatic from the disease; * deemed fit enough for surgery; * willingness and ability to complete questionnaires in either French or English; * able and willing to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * history of a hereditary renal cancer syndrome; * presence of polycystic kidney disease; * any prior history of RCC; * received systemic therapy for another malignancy within the 12 months prior to accrual; * uncontrolled medical illness including infections, hypertension, arrhythmias, heart failure, or myocardial infarction/unstable angina within 6 months that would predispose to immediate surgical therapy; * metastatic disease or evidence of vascular or nodal disease; * unwillingness to undergo monitoring and imaging studies; * any contra-indication(s) to contrast-enhanced imaging (estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30min/mL)