Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Pathologically confirmed primary or recurrent bladder cancer. * Planned to undergo transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) or modified GC regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radical total cystectomy. * 18 years old and older. * Willing to give valid written informed consent. * No contraindications to the MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) and MRI contrast agent. Exclusion Criteria: * Abnormal liver function (1.5 times higher than normal). * Glomerular filtration rate \< 60ml /min·kg. * Heart failure. * Acute myocardial infarction. * Severe heart and lung disease. * Hypotension and hypoxia. * Brain metastases, or other known central nervous system metastases. * A history of severe central nervous system diseases, including unexplained loss of consciousness or transient ischemic attack. * Known congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, active hepatitis, active tuberculosis and other active infections, etc. * Pregnant or lactating women. * Patients participating in other drug trials. * Patients with poor general condition (eg malnutrition, dehydration). Behavioral status score (ZPS quintile) ≥ 2. * Patients with previous autoimmune diseases or existing autoimmune diseases. (including controlled or uncontrolled drugs). * Patients undergoing organ transplantation (transplantation of liver, kidney, heart, lung and other organs) or those who require long-term administration of immunosuppressive agents due to personal conditions. * Those who are intolerant or allergic to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs. * Bone marrow transplantation, severe leukopenia. * Patients with severe infection or trauma. * Any condition based on the investigation's clinical judgment that the patient is not suitable for completing this study (such as not meeting the patient's most beneficial treatment, patient compliance, etc.)