Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patient's age was between 40 to 50 years old with 2. mild spasticity (grade 1, +1) according to modified Ashworth scale (MAS) 3. All conducted patients experienced a single stroke more than six months with cognitive capacity that enables them to comprehend and follow the instructions (Mini-Mental Scale score \> 24). Exclusion Criteria: * history of shoulder pain, trauma, or surgery before the stroke; current treatment with warfarin and an international normalized ratio greater than 4.0; use of oral non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs within 3 days before enrolment; or intra articular injections within the previous month. Patients who were unable to report their pain intensity, those with a cardiac pacemaker, and those with clinically significant osteoporosis were also excluded