Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * apparently healthy and free of overt cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease * for PTSD group, a score of ≥ 33 on PCL-5 checklist * for GAD group, a score of ≥ 10 on the GAD-7 self-report scale and \< 33 on the PCL-5 checklist * for Healthy Control group, a score of ≤ 10 on the GAD-7 self-report scale and \< 33 on the PCL-5 checklist Exclusion Criteria: * taking medications that could influence cardiovascular function * current smokers who have recently quit smoking * illicit drug use or excessive alcohol consumption * pregnant women * significant calorie restriction or vitamin/mineral deficiencies * limited English proficiency