Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate that is localized based on prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and meets National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) intermediate risk criteria (as follows): * Clinical T2b-T2c or lower disease * Gleason Grade group 2 or 3 on biopsy * Prostate specific antigen (PSA) =\< 20 ng/mL * Desires radical prostatectomy (open or robotic) for prostate cancer management and is a surgical candidate as determined by the treating urologic oncologist * Adult men \> 30 and \< 75 years old (African American or non-Hispanic white) * Meet one of the following criteria for overweight or obesity: * Body Mass Index (BMI) between 26 and 39 * Waist circumference \>= 40 inches * Willingness to exclusively consume all the provided meals * Willingness to comply with all study procedures and scheduled visits * Reside in the greater Houston/outlying areas and/or willing to travel for study-related visits at MD Anderson Exclusion Criteria: * Major dietary restrictions or food allergies * Food aversions or preferences that preclude following a Mediterranean diet, such as unwillingness to eat vegetables, grains, animal products or fish * Medical contraindications to the intervention diet as determined by the treating physician * Current self-reported smoker or heavy drinker (defined as \>14 drinks per week) or current self-reported illicit drug use * Prostate cancer that meets NCCN high and very high risk criteria (as follows): * pT3a or higher disease * Grade group 4 or 5 adenocarcinoma of prostate * PSA \> 20ng/mL