Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: Chart/Database Review: * Patient must have elective surgery within the intervention period * Surgery must be with a qualifying specialty (general, vascular, orthopedics, cardio-thoracic, urology, neurosurgery, and others \[e.g., Plastics/ENT\]) * Surgery must be at either the VA Palo Alto, VA Houston, or VA Nashville VA Providers: * Service and Section Chief Interviews: * Must be the Surgery Service Line chief (or appointed designee). * Must be Section Chief (or appointed designee) of a qualifying surgical specialty (general, vascular, orthopedics, cardio-thoracic, urology, neurosurgery, and others \[e.g., Plastics/ENT\]). * Must serve at the VA Palo Alto, VA Houston, or VA Nashville. * Focus Groups: * Must be a healthcare provider at VA Palo Alto, VA Houston, or VA Nashville. * Must have planned or prior experience participating in PAUSE Board meetings. * Referral Frequency Interviews: * Must be a member of the surgical team with one of the qualifying surgical specialties (general, vascular, orthopedics, cardio-thoracic, urology, neurosurgery, and others \[e.g., Plastics/ENT\]). * Must be one of the high- or low-referring providers to the PAUSE Board. Exclusion Criteria: Chart/Database Review: -Non-Veteran (USA) VA Providers: -Refusal or inability to participate during site visits.