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RECRUITING

NCT05058651

PHASE2/PHASE3

Evaluating the Addition of the Immunotherapy Drug Atezolizumab to Standard Chemotherapy Treatment for Advanced or Metastatic Neuroendocrine Carcinomas That Originate Outside the Lung

Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)

View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Summary

This phase II/III trial compares the effect of immunotherapy with atezolizumab in combination with standard chemotherapy with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide versus standard therapy alone for the treatment of poorly differentiated extrapulmonary (originated outside the lung) neuroendocrine cancer that may have spread from where it first started to nearby tissue, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body (advanced) or that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). The other aim of this trial is to compare using atezolizumab just at the beginning of treatment versus continuing it beyond the initial treatment. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Cisplatin and carboplatin are in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds that work by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Etoposide is in a class of medications known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. Giving atezolizumab in combination with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide may work better in treating patients with poorly differentiated extrapulmonary neuroendocrine cancer compared to standard therapy with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide alone.

Official title: Randomized Phase II/III Trial of First Line Platinum/Etoposide With or Without Atezolizumab (NSC#783608) in Patients With Poorly Differentiated Extrapulmonary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinomas (NEC)

Key Details

Gender

All

Age Range

18 Years - Any

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Enrollment

189

Start Date

2022-06-28

Completion Date

2028-10-01

Last Updated

2026-04-09

Healthy Volunteers

Conditions

Advanced Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Metastatic Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Recurrent Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Unresectable Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Interventions

BIOLOGICAL

Atezolizumab

Given IV

PROCEDURE

Biospecimen Collection

Undergo blood sample collection

DRUG

Carboplatin

Given IV

DRUG

Cisplatin

Given IV

PROCEDURE

Computed Tomography

Undergo CT scan

DRUG

Etoposide

Given IV

PROCEDURE

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Undergo MRI

OTHER

Patient Observation

Undergo observation

Inclusion Criteria: * Participants must have histologically-confirmed (local site pathological confirmation sufficient) extrapulmonary poorly differentiated, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) * Participants must have disease that is unresectable or metastatic and not eligible for definitive therapy as deemed per the treating investigator * Participants must have radiologically evaluable disease, measurable or non-measurable, per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria. All measurable and nonmeasurable lesions must be assessed by CT scan with IV contrast of the chest/abdomen/and pelvis (or CT chest without contrast and MRI abdomen/pelvis with gadolinium contrast, if contraindication to CT iodinated contrast) within 28 days prior to registration. While may be used for routine clinical evaluation, PET scans and bone scans alone are not acceptable for disease assessment while participating in this study. All known sites of disease must be assessed and documented on the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form * Participants must have brain MRI (or CT head with contrast if there is contraindication to MRI brain) if clinically indicated within 28 days prior to registration. Note: Brain imaging is not required in participants without known and/or clinical concern for brain metastases. Participants with asymptomatic central nervous system (CNS) metastases are eligible if one or more of the following apply: * Participants who have received treatment for brain metastases must have: * No evidence of radiological progression (by MRI brain or CT head with contrast if there is contraindication to MRI brain) within 28 days prior to registration * Discontinued all corticosteroids at least 14 days prior to registration * Participants with treatment-naive brain lesions must have: * No lesion measuring \> 2.0 cm in size in any axis * MRI brain or CT head with contrast (if there is contraindication to MRI brain) demonstrating no evidence for mass effect, edema, or other impending neurological compromise within 28 days prior to registration * No evidence of radiological progression (by MRI brain or CT head with contrast if there is contraindication to MRI brain) within 28 days prior to registration * No need for \> 2 mg of dexamethasone (or equivalent of \> 10 mg prednisone) per day at time of registration * Participants must not have symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) metastases * Participants must not have known or suspected leptomeningeal disease * Participants with prior history of non-metastatic (localized/locally advanced disease) extrapulmonary poorly differentiated NEC may have had prior platinum-based therapy +/- radiation +/- surgery provided that all therapy was completed \>= 6 months prior to registration * Participants must discontinue denosumab prior to study registration and plan to replace with a bisphosphonate while on the study * Participants must not have had prior treatment for advanced or metastatic NEC EXCEPT one cycle of platinum (carboplatin/cisplatin) + etoposide is allowed prior to registration. Other chemotherapy regimens are not allowed. For participants with prostate or urothelial NEC, prior chemotherapy for the non-NEC component (e.g. adenocarcinoma or urothelial) is allowed as long as such therapy was completed \>= 24 weeks prior to registration and participants have recovered from all prior toxicities to =\< grade 1. * Participants must not have had prior treatment with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, antiPD-L2, CD137 agonists, anti-CTLA-4 agent, or any other immune checkpoint inhibitors for any neuroendocrine neoplasm. Immune checkpoint inhibitors given for other cancer indications are allowed provided last therapy was given at least 12 months prior to study registration * Participants must not have received treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents including, but not limited to, interferon and interleukin2 \[IL-2\] within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives of the drug (whichever is longer) prior to registration * Participants must not have had history of known severe allergy, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies, including to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or to any component of the atezolizumab formulation, cisplatin, carboplatin, or etoposide * Participants must not be on active systemic therapy for another cancer with the exception of hormonal therapy including androgen deprivation therapy (e.g., gonadotropin-releasing hormone \[GnRH\] agonists or antagonists), which can be continued while participants are receiving protocol therapy. Use of enzalutamide or apalutamide is permitted after completion of chemotherapy and must be held during chemotherapy for participants receiving prior to enrollment. Use of darolutamide is permitted during chemotherapy. Glucocorticoid-containing regimens, including abiraterone, are not permitted. * Participants must be \>= 18 years of age * Participants must have a Zubrod performance status of =\< 2 within 28 days prior to registration * Participants must have a complete medical history and physical exam within 28 days prior to registration * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1.5 x 10\^9 /L (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 g/dl (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Platelet count \>= 100 x 10\^9/L (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =\< 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Serum total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x ULN (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Adequate renal function as defined by any 1 of the following: 1) Measured creatinine clearance (CL) \> 50 mL/min OR 2) Calculated creatinine CL \> 50 mL/min by the Cockcroft-Gault formula OR by 24-hour urine collection for determination of creatinine clearance (obtained within 14 days prior to registration. For participants who received a cycle of chemotherapy prior to registration, at least 21 days must have elapsed between day 1 of platinum + etoposide and performance of these tests) * Participants must not have uncontrolled or symptomatic hypercalcemia (\> 1.5 mmol/L ionized calcium or calcium \> 12 mg/dL or corrected serum calcium \> ULN) within 14 days prior to registration. Participants who have asymptomatic hypercalcemia are eligible provided that medical therapy to treat the hypercalcemia is planned * Participants must not have a diagnosis of immunodeficiency nor be receiving systemic steroid therapy (equivalent of \> 20 mg of hydrocortisone per day) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 14 days prior to registration * Participants must not have active or history of autoimmune disease or immune deficiency, including, but not limited to myasthenia gravis, myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis, Sjogren syndrome, Guillain-Barre syndrome, or multiple sclerosis with the following exceptions: * Patients with a history of autoimmune-related hypothyroidism who are on thyroid-replacement hormone are eligible for the study * Patients with controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus who are on an insulin regimen are eligible for the study * Patients with eczema, psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, or vitiligo with dermatologic manifestations only (e.g., patients with psoriatic arthritis are excluded) are eligible for the study provided all of following conditions are met: * Rash must cover \< 10% of body surface area * Disease is well controlled at baseline and requires only low-potency topical corticosteroids * No occurrence of acute exacerbations of the underlying condition requiring psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation, methotrexate, retinoids, biologic agents, oral calcineurin inhibitors, or high-potency or oral corticosteroids within the previous 12 months * Participants must not have history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), drug-induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest CT scan. NOTE: History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted * Participants must not have significant cardiovascular disease, such as New York Heart Association class II or greater cardiac disease, myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to registration, unstable arrythmias, or unstable angina * Participants must not have had a major surgical procedure other than for diagnosis within 28 days prior to registration. Participant must not plan to receive a major surgical procedure during the course of protocol treatment. NOTE: Patient port placement is not considered a major surgery * Participants must not have severe infections (i.e., Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events \[CTCAE\] grade \>= 2) at time of registration, including but not limited to hospitalization for complications for infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia * Participants must not have known active tuberculosis * Participants with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection must have undetectable HBV viral load, with testing performed as clinically indicated * Participants with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. Participants with active HCV infection who are currently on treatment must have an undetectable HCV viral load, with testing performed as clinically indicated * Participants with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection must be on effective anti-retroviral therapy at time of registration and have undetectable HIV viral load within 6 months of registration * Participants must not have prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or solid organ transplant * Participants must not have received administration of a live, attenuated vaccine (e.g., FluMist \[registered trademark\]) within 28 days prior to initiation of study treatment, during treatment with atezolizumab, and not plan to receive for 5 months after the last dose of atezolizumab * Participants must not be pregnant due to the possibility of harm to the fetus. Individuals who are of reproductive potential must have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method (with details provided as a part of the consent process) during the treatment period and for 5 months after the final dose of atezolizumab. A person who has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months or who has semen likely to contain sperm is considered to be of "reproductive potential." In addition to routine contraceptive methods, "effective contraception" also includes refraining from sexual activity that might result in pregnancy and surgery intended to prevent pregnancy (or with a sideeffect of pregnancy prevention) including hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, bilateral tubal ligation/occlusion, and vasectomy with testing showing no sperm in the semen * Participants must be offered the opportunity to participate in specimen banking. With participant consent, specimens must be collected and submitted via the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) Specimen Tracking System * Participants must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines

Locations (243)

Alaska Women's Cancer Care

Anchorage, Alaska, United States

Cancer Center at Saint Joseph's

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Mayo Clinic Hospital in Arizona

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Anaheim

Anaheim, California, United States

Sutter Auburn Faith Hospital

Auburn, California, United States

Sutter Cancer Centers Radiation Oncology Services-Auburn

Auburn, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Baldwin Park

Baldwin Park, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Bellflower

Bellflower, California, United States

Alta Bates Summit Medical Center-Herrick Campus

Berkeley, California, United States

Sutter Cancer Centers Radiation Oncology Services-Cameron Park

Cameron Park, California, United States

Mercy Cancer Center - Carmichael

Carmichael, California, United States

Mercy San Juan Medical Center

Carmichael, California, United States

Mercy Cancer Center - Elk Grove

Elk Grove, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Fontana

Fontana, California, United States

Palo Alto Medical Foundation-Fremont

Fremont, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente South Bay

Harbor City, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Irvine

Irvine, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center

Los Angeles, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles

Los Angeles, California, United States

Memorial Medical Center

Modesto, California, United States

Palo Alto Medical Foundation-Camino Division

Mountain View, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Ontario

Ontario, California, United States

Palo Alto Medical Foundation Health Care

Palo Alto, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente - Panorama City

Panorama City, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Riverside

Riverside, California, United States

Mercy Cancer Center - Rocklin

Rocklin, California, United States

Sutter Cancer Centers Radiation Oncology Services-Roseville

Roseville, California, United States

Sutter Roseville Medical Center

Roseville, California, United States

Mercy Cancer Center - Sacramento

Sacramento, California, United States

Sutter Medical Center Sacramento

Sacramento, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-San Diego Zion

San Diego, California, United States

California Pacific Medical Center-Pacific Campus

San Francisco, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-San Marcos

San Marcos, California, United States

Palo Alto Medical Foundation-Santa Cruz

Santa Cruz, California, United States

Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation

Santa Rosa, California, United States

Palo Alto Medical Foundation-Sunnyvale

Sunnyvale, California, United States

Sutter Solano Medical Center/Cancer Center

Vallejo, California, United States

Woodland Memorial Hospital

Woodland, California, United States

Kaiser Permanente-Woodland Hills

Woodland Hills, California, United States

AdventHealth Porter

Denver, Colorado, United States

AdventHealth Littleton

Littleton, Colorado, United States

AdventHealth Parker

Parker, Colorado, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital-Derby Care Center

Derby, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center-Fairfield

Fairfield, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center at Glastonbury

Glastonbury, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center at Greenwich

Greenwich, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center - Guilford

Guilford, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center at Saint Francis

Hartford, Connecticut, United States

Yale University

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Yale-New Haven Hospital North Haven Medical Center

North Haven, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center at Long Ridge

Stamford, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital-Torrington Care Center

Torrington, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center-Trumbull

Trumbull, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital-Waterbury Care Center

Waterbury, Connecticut, United States

Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center - Waterford

Waterford, Connecticut, United States

Holy Cross Hospital

Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States

Mayo Clinic in Florida

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Moffitt Cancer Center

Tampa, Florida, United States

Hawaii Cancer Care Inc - Waterfront Plaza

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Queen's Cancer Cenrer - POB I

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Queen's Medical Center

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Straub Clinic and Hospital

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Queen's Cancer Center - Kuakini

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Hawaii Cancer Care - Westridge

‘Aiea, Hawaii, United States

Pali Momi Medical Center

‘Aiea, Hawaii, United States

The Queen's Medical Center - West Oahu

‘Ewa Beach, Hawaii, United States

Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Nampa

Nampa, Idaho, United States

Rush-Copley Medical Center

Aurora, Illinois, United States

Centralia Oncology Clinic

Centralia, Illinois, United States

Northwestern University

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Carle at The Riverfront

Danville, Illinois, United States

Cancer Care Specialists of Illinois - Decatur

Decatur, Illinois, United States

Decatur Memorial Hospital

Decatur, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Kishwaukee

DeKalb, Illinois, United States

Carle Physician Group-Effingham

Effingham, Illinois, United States

Crossroads Cancer Center

Effingham, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Delnor

Geneva, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Glenview Outpatient Center

Glenview, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Grayslake Outpatient Center

Grayslake, Illinois, United States

Ingalls Memorial Hospital

Harvey, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Lake Forest Hospital

Lake Forest, Illinois, United States

Carle Physician Group-Mattoon/Charleston

Mattoon, Illinois, United States

UC Comprehensive Cancer Center at Silver Cross

New Lenox, Illinois, United States

Carle BroMenn Medical Center

Normal, Illinois, United States

Carle Cancer Institute Normal

Normal, Illinois, United States

Cancer Care Center of O'Fallon

O'Fallon, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Orland Park

Orland Park, Illinois, United States

University of Chicago Medicine-Orland Park

Orland Park, Illinois, United States

UW Health Carbone Cancer Center Rockford

Rockford, Illinois, United States

Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Springfield, Illinois, United States

Springfield Clinic

Springfield, Illinois, United States

Springfield Memorial Hospital

Springfield, Illinois, United States

Carle Cancer Center

Urbana, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Warrenville

Warrenville, Illinois, United States

Rush-Copley Healthcare Center

Yorkville, Illinois, United States

UChicago Medicine Northwest Indiana

Crown Point, Indiana, United States

Mary Greeley Medical Center

Ames, Iowa, United States

McFarland Clinic - Ames

Ames, Iowa, United States

UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - Ankeny Clinic

Ankeny, Iowa, United States

McFarland Clinic - Boone

Boone, Iowa, United States

Saint Anthony Regional Hospital

Carroll, Iowa, United States

Mercy Cancer Center-West Lakes

Clive, Iowa, United States

UI Health Care Mission Cancer and Blood - West Des Moines Clinic

Clive, Iowa, United States

Greater Regional Medical Center

Creston, Iowa, United States

Iowa Methodist Medical Center