Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Atrial fibrillation recorded by 12-lead ECG or Holter that last for longer than 30 seconds within the preceding 6 months; * Eligible for left atrial appendage closure, that meet at least one of the followings: 1. At high risk of stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc score≥3 in female, ≥2 in male) and/or bleeding (HAS-BLED score≥3); 2. Contraindicated to oral anticoagulation (OAC); 3. Refused OAC treatment albeit comprehensively informed of the necessity and benefits of OAC treatment. * Capable of understanding and signing the informed consent form. * Aged over 18 years. Exclusion Criteria: * Reversible causes of atrial fibrillation, including thyroid disorders, recent major surgery, trauma, acute alcoholic intoxication; * Concomitant arrhythmia including atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia; * A previous history of atrial fibrillation surgery (MAZE surgery) or catheter ablation; * A previous history of cardiac surgery including any valvular replacement, septal repair; * A recent history of major cardiovascular disease within 3 months, including acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation; * A history of congenital heart disease; * A previous history of atrioventricular node ablation; * A history of lobectomy due to any medical condition; * Complicated by other diseases with life expectation \<1 year; * Women with childbearing potential; * Participated in other interventional clinical trials that might affect prognosis; * Unable to understand or give informed consent form.