Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Mandarin-speaking subjects. * Not clinically demented. * Meeting the cutoff values of MMSE and CDR. * With low levels of blood neuro-exosomal synaptic proteins (GAP43\<1983pg/ml, synaptotagmin 1\<431pg/ml, neurogranin\<1433pg/ml, SNAP25\<448pg/ml) Exclusion criteria: * Had major neurologic diagnosis (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, encephalitis, and epilepsy) or other condition that might impair cognition or confound assessments. * Had a history of psychotic episodes or had major depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score \> 24 points). * Had severe systemic diseases, such as tumors, cardiovascular or orthopedic disorders that can affect the ability to perform the proposed intervention tasks.