Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients will be eligible to be included in the study if they receive either a left-sided: 1. HeartMate III (Thoratec, Pleasanton, CA) 2. HeartWare HVAD (HeartWare, Oakville CA) 3. Levitronix CentriMag (Levitronix LLC, Waltham, MA) LVAD. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients will be excluded if:: 1. hemodynamic data needed to calculate PAPi or comprehensive echocardiographic images are missing 2. additional procedures affecting cardiac geometry and/or hemodynamic measurements, such as tricuspid, mitral, and/or aortic valve repair/replacement, were performed at the time of LVAD implantation 3. sternal closure at the end of the procedure is not possible 4. RV mechanical support was introduced concurrently with LVAD implantation 5. inadequate image quality required to obtain a 3D protocol 6. known contraindication to TEE 7. unexpected inability to advance probe into the mid-esophagus