Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects require endoscopic resection (e.g. endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection) for advanced adenoma or early-stage colorectal cancer; * Aged 18-90 years old; * Written informed consent obtained. Exclusion Criteria: * Absolute contraindications to colonoscopy (e.g. perforation, intestinal obstruction, unstable cardiopulmonary status); * Contraindications to endoscopic resection (e.g. active gastrointestinal bleeding, uninterrupted anticoagulation or dual antiplatelets); * Known pregnancy or lactation; * Advanced comorbid conditions (defined as American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 4 or above);