Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 to 35 * Caucasian * No history of periodontitis/periodontal treatment (based on self-reported history) * Medical history clear of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, HIV, Tuberculosis and Hepatitis C (self-reported) * Never smoker, e-cigarettes or nicotine gum use (self-reported). Individuals who rarely socially smoked more than 5 years ago would be permitted to participate. * Minimum of 24 teeth present * Be willing and competent (verbally and cognitively) to give written informed consent and complete a medical history form * Be willing and physically able to carry out all study procedures * Not have had a scale and prophylaxis in the previous month or have one scheduled prior to the end of the study * Participant in good periodontal health, based on: 1. absence of interproximal probing pocket depths (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) \> 3mm (with the exception of distal surfaces of third molars in the presence of impacted third molars) at the screening visit. 2. bleeding on probing (BOP) \< 30% at the Screening visit and BOP \<10% at Day -7. Exclusion Criteria: * Currently taking part in other clinical trials * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Taking medications including systemic anti-inflammatory medication within 3 months of the study (NSAIDs, no more than once per week and not in the week before sample collection, is permitted) * Systemic antibiotic intake within 6 months * Psychiatric conditions affecting participation in the study * The participant is also a member of staff who is part of the study team * Current orthodontic treatment * Regular consumption of alcohol exceeding the government recommended levels * Denture wearer/presence of dental implants/bridges * Have oral piercings * Obvious signs of untreated caries * Taking dietary supplements (e.g. multivitamins; antioxidants; fish oils)