Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Participants must be 18-65 years of age at the time of recruitment * Participants must have a classification of I or II on the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system * Participants must not have known allergies to any materials used in the study * Participants must agree to participate in the study by signing a consent form * Participants must have good oral hygiene * All types of permanent teeth that require root canal retreatment are included (incisors, canines, premolars \& molars) * The teeth must be restorable and have fully formed roots with no advanced periodontal disease Exclusion Criteria: * ASA classification of III or more * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Patients who are unable to give consent * Patients who have advanced periodontal disease or teeth with more than 5mm probing * Teeth with incomplete root formation * Teeth that have a poor restorative prognosis * Teeth presenting with signs of a vertical root fracture * Teeth with blocked or non-negotiable canals * Teeth with broken instruments * Teeth with iatrogenic perforations * Teeth requiring posts or extensive prosthetic rehabilitation * Teeth with cracks * Teeth with internal or external root resorption * Teeth with uncontrollable exudate