Inclusion Criteria:
A patient is eligible when all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria are fullfilled in the ANeED study:
1. Male or female.
2. Age ≥ 50 and ≤ 85 years of age.
3. Confirmed diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) or Mild Cognitive Impairment in DLB (DLB-MCI).
4. MMSE score\>=15
5. Able and willing to provide informed consent prior to any study related assessments and procedures at screening visit 1.
6. Capable of complying with all study procedures.
7. Willing to provide blood samples for genetic analyses of APOE and GBA.
8. Willing and able to self-administer or administer by a caregiver oral ambroxol medication, from day 1 to study end (at 60 mg TID (day 1-7), 120 mg TID (day 8- 14), 315 BID (day 15-21), 315 mg TID (day 22-28) and 420 mg TID (day 29-550)).
9. Able to travel to the participating study site.
10. A female participant is eligible to participate if she is of:
Non-childbearing potential defined as pre-menopausal females with a documented tubal ligation or hysterectomy; or postmenopausal defined as 12 consecutive months of spontaneous amenorrhea, at least 6 weeks post-surgical bilateral oophorectomy (with or without hysterectomy) or post tubal ligation. In questionable cases, menopausal status will be confirmed by demonstrating levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 25.8 - 134.8 IU/L and oestradiol \< 201 pmol/l at entry.
Women of child-bearing potential must use accepted contraceptive methods (listed below), and must have a negative serum at screening visit 1 and urine pregnancy tests at subsequent visits if applicable. An additional pregnancy test will be performed, and results obtained, prior to administration of the first dose of ambroxol.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Current treatment with anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) that might preclude safe completion in the opinion of the Investigator.
2. Current use of investigational medicinal product or participation in another interventional clinical trial or who have done so within 30 days prior to the first dose in the current study.
3. Exposure to more than three investigational medicinal products within 12 months prior to the first dose in the current study;
4. Confirmed dysphagia that would preclude self-administration of ambroxol up to 6 tablets daily for the duration of day 1 to day 550/Month 18.
5. Significant known lower spinal malformations or other spinal abnormalities that would preclude lumbar puncture.
6. History of known sensitivity to the study medication, ambroxol or its excipients (lactose monohydrate, granulated microcrystalline cellulose, copovidone and magnesium stearate) in the opinion of the investigator that contraindicates their participation.
7. History of known rare hereditary disorders of galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption.
8. History of illegal substance abuse, drug abuse or alcoholism in the opinion of the Investigator that would preclude participation in the study.
9. Donation of blood (one unit or 350 ml) within three months prior to receiving the first dose of the study drug.
10. Pregnant or breastfeeding; All participants of child bearing potential in the opinion of the Investigator that would preclude participation in the study and who do not agree to use double-barrier birth control or abstinence while participating in the study and for two weeks following the last dose of study drug;
11. Any clinically significant or unstable psychiatric, medical or surgical condition that in the opinion of the PI or PI-delegated clinician may put the participant at risk when participating in the study or may influence the results of the study or affect the participant's ability to take part in the study, as determined by medical history, physical examinations, electrocardiogram (ECG), or laboratory tests.
Such conditions may include:
1. Impaired renal function
2. Moderate/Severe hepatic impairment
3. A major cardiovascular event (e.g. myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, decompensated congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, coronary revascularisation that occurred within 6 months prior to the screening visit.
4. Major depression, delirium or psychosis not related to DLB.
5. Metastatic cancer or terminal illness.
12. Planned major surgery or other major treatments during study period that will interfere with study-obligations.
