Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * ASA Status I and II * elective or urgent laparoscopic procedures (e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy, varicocelectomy) Exclusion Criteria: * Lack of parental consent * ASA status III-IV * Presence of peritonitis or other abdominal inflammatory process that could potentially interfere with spontaneous breathing ventilation * Need for immediate resuscitation maneuvers * Severe respiratory illness in the previous 4-6 weeks * Pre-existing chronic pulmonary conditions * Concomitant acute pulmonary conditions (e.g. pneumonia, pleural effusion) * Cardiac arrest * Skeletal deformities (e.g. rib cage malformations or scoliosis), neuromuscular diseases or cardiac conditions affecting respiratory mechanics * BMI \> 30 * Presence of implantable devices not compatible with EIT (such as pacemakers and implantable defibrillators)