Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * 18\<age\<75years * clinic blood pressure≥140/90mmHg or 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring average blood pressure ≥135/85mmHg * Ecg diagnosis of atrial fibrillation ; * who signed informed consent and were approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. Exclusion Criteria: * pregnant women or lactating patients; * Patients who were unsuitable for ablation before surgery （unilateral or bilateral renal artery shape and structure were found： renal artery stenosis exceeding 50%, renal aneurysm, previous renal artery interventional surgery, renal artery malformation, renal artery diameter \< 4mm or length of treatable segment \< 20mm） * Patients who only have one kidney or have a history of kidney transplantation * Patients with a history of renal arterial intervention or renal denervation * identified secondary hypertension or Pseudo hypertension except for renal parenchymal hypertension; * malignant tumors or end-stage diseases; * Severe peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm * whose left atrium is larger than 55mm * obvious bleeding tendency and blood system diseases; * Severe peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm; * A history of the acute coronary syndrome within two weeks; * acute or severe systemic infection; * drug or alcohol dependence or refusal to sign informed consent. * Other conditions that are not suitable for PVI and RDN