Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * ≥ 18 years old * Degenerative conditions, spinal deformity, spinal infection, traumatic injuries, or neoplastic processes between T2-S1 necessitating placement of pedicle screw instrumentation. * Surgery performed at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC) via one of the study investigators Exclusion Criteria: * Current or previous spinal tumor * Severe co-morbidities (e.g., heart, respiratory, or renal disease) * Concurrent involvement in another investigational drug or device study that could confound study data * Subjects who are pregnant * Prisoner * Subjects who do not speak English Relative Exclusion Criteria * Prior pedicle screw instrumentation at that level (i.e. prior L4-5 instrumentation, now undergoing an L4-S1 fusion, only new S1 screw accuracy would be evaluated in this patient)