Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients whose age of operation is 14-90 d. Sex and race are not restricted; * Patients who are born with gestational age older than 36 weeks; * Patients whose body weight before operation \> 2 kg; * Patients diagnosed of type-III BA and underwent KP in Children's Hospital of Fudan University; * The type-III BA diagnosis is based on cholangiography or operation; * Patients whose histological features of liver biopsies are reported. HE staining and Masson staining are required, and edema, inflammation, fibrosis, and hyperplasia of intrahepatic bile duct should be reported; * Patients who are not allergic to postoperative medications; * Patients who haven't accepted other antibiotic or probiotic therapy. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with cholestasis of non-BA disease; * Patients who have undergone KP at other institutions; * Patients whose pathohistological diagnosis is in doubt; * Patients who undergo liver transplantation immediately after KP; * Patients with other liver diseases or severe complications (e.g., severe pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, intracranial hemorrhage, etc.) requiring surgical intervention or other medical therapy; * Patients with severe cardiac, renal, or central nerve system malformations (e.g., tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, cerebral dysplasia, etc.) and have poor prognosis; * Patients judged by the researchers that they can not comply with the study requirements.