Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. singleton pregnant women 2. with a history of two or more miscarriages Exclusion Criteria: 1. indication to a treatment according to the severe cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, gastrointestinal/liver and biliary system, kidney and urinary system, nervous system, musculoskeletal system, psychiatric, infectious disease, malignancy, 2. major malformation of the fetus diagnosed at 11-13 weeks of gestation. 3. Known paternal, maternal, or embryo chromosome abnormality; 4. Abnormal uterine anatomy at hysterosalpingography/hysteroscopy or hydrosonography that might explain RM in the first trimester of pregnancy; 5. Maternal endocrine dysfunction: premature ovarian failure, hyperprolactinemia, corpus luteal insufficiency, untreated diabetes mellitus or untreated thyroid dysfunction.