Clinical Research Directory

Mothers Inclusion Criteria for PEPPI-study * Pregnant (first trimester) * Understands Finnish * ≥18 years * Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria * Multiple pregnancy * Miscarriage/termination of the index pregnancy * No first trimester blood sampling Inclusion Criteria for FERPPI-study * Participates in PEPPI-study (criteria above) * Blood samples at first and third trimester of pregnancy * Permits blood sampling from the umbilical cord when the baby is born Exclusion Criteria * No first or third trimester blood sampling * No umbilical cord blood sample after baby is born Fathers Inclusion Criteria * Biological father to the child born for the mother who participated in PEPPI study * ≥18 years * Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria • Does not understand Finnish Children Inclusion Criteria for PEPPI-study * Born to mother who participated in PEPPI study * Signed informed consent from parent(s) Exclusion Criteria • No consent from parent(s) Inclusion Criteria for PEPPI-offspring study • Mother in risk-, control-, or PCOS group during PEPPI-study with ultrasound information at gestational weeks 30-32 or a mother who developed pre-eclampsia during the pregnancy regardless of their study group during PEPPI-study Exclusion Criteria • Mother/father declines participation Inclusion Criteria for FERPPI-study * Signed informed consent from parent(s) * Mother has blood samples taken at first and third trimester (iron status) * Child has blood samples taken at birth and at 3 months of age Exclusion Criteria * No consent from parent(s) * No blood samples from mother * No blood samples from child