Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * The inclusion criteria for this study encompassed fecal specimens obtained from patients with a documented history of tumor, specifically those who received their primary or initial tumor diagnosis at our hospital. * Inclusion criteria for the control group consisted of the following: (1) Individuals who were in good health, devoid of evident diseases, and possessed normal physical examination reports; (2) Individuals who had not experienced significant chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, etc., in recent years, in order to exclude those who had been unwell but had normal physical examination reports; (3) Age and gender were matched with the case group. Exclusion Criteria: The exclusion criteria for this study include: A) Individuals who have taken an antimicrobial preparation within the past three months. B) Samples that lack complete information and cannot be traced back to their source. C) Samples with an insufficient volume for detection. D) Samples that do not meet the requirements for sample collection and preservation. \-