Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age between 18 years and 80 years 2. Chronic liver diseases regardless of etiology 3. Acute liver injury with total bilirubin ≥ 3 mg/dl regardless of inducement Exclusion Criteria: 1. Prior surgery of liver diseases before enrollment such as liver transplantation, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), splenectomy and partial splenic embolization 2. Severe extrahepatic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease level IV, chronic kidney disease with end-stage renal failure, myocardial infarction within 3 months before admission 3. Receiving Immunosuppressive drugs for reasons rather than chronic liver diseases 4. Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma or other non-liver malignancies during screening period 5. Serious mental illnesses such as anxiety, depressive disorders to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 6. The pregnant 7. Jaundice due to biliary obstruction or cholestasis 8. Unsuitable to participate in this study judging by investigators