Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients ≥ 18 years old. * Patients who have read, understood, accepted and signed the informed consent to the study. * Patients with benign or malignant colorectal disease. * Patients undergoing colorectal surgery with any type of approach (open or minimally invasive) in Italy. * Patients undergoing elective and emergency colorectal surgery. * Patients NF (non smoker), FT (tobacco smokers), NRT (nicotine replacement therapy). Are considered smokers that patients who have smoked for at least 30 days at the time of surgery Exclusion Criteria: * Patients \< 18 years old. * Patients who have not accepted informed consent.