Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * According to the Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Revised in 2021), a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select individuals from representative administrative villages with a history of chronic cough or sputum production, breathing difficulties, recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, and/or exposure to potential risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. * The investigators agreed to participate in this clinical study by voluntarily signing an informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who are delirious, have impaired consciousness, dementia, various psychiatric disorders, etc., and cannot be accurately informed of their basic physical condition. * Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not suitable for participation in this study.