Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Lung tissues from patients with different ages: Patients undergoing elective general anesthesia surgery; Patients undergoing partial lung resection with mechanical ventilation; American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) grade 2-3; 2. Peripheral blood from patients with different ages and duration of mechanical ventilation: Patients undergoing elective general anesthesia surgery with mechanical ventilation; ASA grade 2-3; Exclusion Criteria: 1. Lung tissues from patients with different ages: Patients with chronic lung diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary heart disease, etc.); Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), or receiving immunotherapy; Patients who have recently suffered from pneumonia; Recent history of mechanical ventilation; Patients with thrombotic diseases; Children and pregnant women. 2. Peripheral blood from patients with different ages and duration of mechanical ventilation: Patients with chronic lung diseases (asthma, COPD, pulmonary heart disease, etc.); Smoking patients; Patients with hypertension/diabetes/coronary heart disease; Patients with HIV, HBV, HCV, HDV, or receiving immunotherapy; Patients who have recently suffered from pneumonia; Recent history of mechanical ventilation; Patients with thrombotic diseases; Children and pregnant women.