Clinical Research Directory

Low systemic strength training. Youth will complete exercise training for 45 minutes. Eight specific exercises will be performed to target all major muscle groups: calf raises, handgrip, squats, seated row, chest press, plank, low bac extension, and crunches (Table 1). Each exercise involves contractions with moderate load but with an extended duration of up to five minutes.16,17 During each exercise session, youth will have a 5-minute warm up, 5-minute cool down, and be allowed to take rest breaks as needed (minimum 30 seconds). Youth will initially progress by decreasing the number of rest periods and then increasing load. Youth will be provided a 2 lb medicine ball, resistance weight bands, Thera Putty, and a Yoga mat for home exercises. Youth will keep this home exercise equipment.

Youth assigned to the moderate systemic exercise load group will perform whole-body aerobic exercise at 40-59% of heart rate reserve (HRR) for 45 minutes.76,111 Youth will complete moderate systemic aerobic exercise by walking at a brisk pace and swinging their arms as they walk. Exercise personnel will supervise a 5-minute warm up and 5-minute cool down via videoconferencing and remain on the phone with youth at all times during the walking exercise session. Youth will exercise until the prescribed duration is achieved or until fatigue at which point they will either reduce the intensity or stop until they recover. All training intensities will be based around HRR so it is individualized (not exceeding 59% of HRR). Youth unable to meet the initial training requirements will be slowly progressed over the 8 weeks.