Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥65 years 2. History of diabetes ≥2 years and Glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% or no history of diabetes and normal blood glucose 3. The ASA rating is Class I to III 4. The elderly patients of limited thoracic and abdominal tumor surgery Exclusion Criteria: 1. Refused to participate 2. Previous history of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease 3. History of alcohol abuse or drug dependence 4. Patients with ASA grade IV and above 5. Severe visual or hearing impairment, can not cooperate with the completion of cognitive function tests 6. Participants in other clinical trials within the last two months 7. Patients with severe arrhythmia or cardiac dysfunction(EF\<40%) 8. There was a clear history of neurological and psychiatric problems or long-term use of sedatives or antidepressants 9. History of cerebrovascular disease or brain surgery or trauma 10. Severe liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C) or severe renal dysfunction (requiring dialysis)