Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: Cirrhotic patients having a history of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding are readmitted for endoscopic secondary prevention. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Age \<18, or ≥81. 2. The patient is unwilling to sign the informed consent form. 3. Allergy to cephalosporin. 4. Have granulocyte deficiency (neutrophil count ≤ 0.5 \* 10 \^ 9/L, or white blood cell count ≤ 1.0 \* 10 \^ 9/L) before the endoscopic operation. 5. Already have infection or fever (body temperature \> 37.5 ℃) before signing the informed consent form. Withdraw Criteria: 1. The patient turned back after signing the consent, and before the endoscopic operation. 2. Have fever (body temperature \> 37.5 ℃) after signing the consent, and before the endoscopic operation. 3. Transferred to other department for additional treatment after the endoscopic operation (Surgical department for malignant tumor, Interventional radiology department for splenic embolism or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, etc.). 4. The patient suffered massive bleeding during the endoscopy, and cephalosporin was given immediately after being sent back to the ward.