Inclusion Criteria for Case Arm Participants:
* 40-75 years old
* Clinically and/or pathologically diagnosed cancer
* No prior or undergoing any systemic or local antitumor therapy, including but not limited to surgical resection, radiochemotherapy, endocrinotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, interventional therapy, etc.
* Able to provide a written informed consent and willing to comply with all part of the protocol procedures
Exclusion Criteria for Case Arm Participants:
* Pregnancy or lactating women
* Known prior or current diagnosis of other types of malignancies comorbidities
* Have participated in an "interventional" clinical trial within the past 30 days and have taken the experimental drug;
* Recipients of organ transplant or prior bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant
* Recipients of blood transfusion within 30 days prior to screen
* Recipients of therapy in past 14 days prior to screen, including oral or IV antibiotics, glucocorticoid, azacitidine, decitabine, procainamide, hydrazine, arsenic trioxide
* Failure to collect blood on time according to plan
* The blood sample does not meet the requirements
Inclusion Criteria for Control Arm Participants:
* 40-75 years old
* Without confirmed cancer diagnosis
* Able to provide a written informed consent and willing to comply with all part of the protocol procedures
Exclusion Criteria for Control Arm Participants:
* Pregnancy or lactating women
* No previous history of malignancy in other sites
* Recipients of organ transplant or prior bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplant
* Recipients of blood transfusion within 30 days prior to screen
* Recipients of therapy in the past 14 days prior to screen, including oral or IV antibiotics, glucocorticoid, azacitidine, decitabine, procainamide, hydrazine, arsenic trioxide
* Unsuitable for this trial determined by the researchers
