Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients aged ≥18 years and ≤80 years; 2. Admitted to the ICU and undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation with an expected duration of mechanical ventilation of more than 24 hours; 3. Subjects requiring sedation and analgesia; 4. Subjects or their guardians voluntarily participate in the study and sign an informed consent form; Exclusion Criteria: 1. Pregnant or breastfeeding women; 2. Hypersensitivity to opioids (fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, morphine, etc.); 3. Subjects with bronchial asthma attacks; 4. Subjects with acute intestinal obstruction; 5. Subjects who are unable to undergo RASS and CPOT assessments for various reasons, such as those with a history of psychiatric systemic disorders (schizophrenia, mania, psychosis, history of cognitive dysfunction), grand mal status epilepticus, and craniocerebral injury; 6. Severe hemodynamic instability (subjects who require administration of more than an equivalent dose of 0.5 μg/kg/min norepinephrine to maintain a MAP ≥ 65 mmHg and who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not suitable for enrollment); 7. Use of monooxygenase inhibitors (MAOIs) (see protocol appendix); 8. Chronic pain requiring long-term analgesic medication (duration of illness greater than 3 months); 9. Severe hepatic insufficiency (liver function in Child classification C); 10. Severe renal dysfunction (definition of renal dysfunction: chronic renal insufficiency \[glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≦29ml/(min1.73m3\]; or long-term maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis subjects); 11. Undergoing any clinical trial within 1 month prior to enrollment and receiving the test product; 12. ECG QT interval at screening: \>450 ms for men and \>470 ms for women; 13. Subjects with a desired sedation target RASS score within the range of -5 to -3 (including threshold) points; 14. Other conditions deemed unsuitable for enrollment by the investigator.