Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Children and adolescents of both sexes aged between 9 and 14 years old. * Vital mature permanent anterior teeth with deep caries lesions that approach the pulp with signs of pulpitis and respond positive to cold pulp testing. * Vital mature permanent anterior teeth with pulpal exposure that occurred during caries excavation. * Patients presented immediately after suffering recent trauma (at the same day) to mature anterior teeth that had resulted in a crown fracture with pulp exposure. Exclusion Criteria: * Teeth with signs of infection such as swelling, sinus tract or pathological mobility or excessive mobility. * Teeth with excessive bleeding from amputated radicular stumps * Teeth showing radiographic evidence of pathologic root resorption, periapical pathology and calcifications in the canals. * Lack of patient/parent compliance and cooperation. * Children who are physically or mentally disabled or having any medical condition that will complicate the treatment. * Patients allergic to any medicaments used.