Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Males or females aged 21 years and above and are able to give consent. * Patients who are willing and able to comply with the study protocol (including undergoing endoscopy) * Presented to Emergency Department with symptoms of acute overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding such as coffee ground vomiting and melena (but without melaena on physical examination) Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who had hemodynamic shock (systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg and pulse rate over 120/min) * Patients who presented with fresh hematemesis, hematochezia and/or melaena * Patients requiring urgent endoscopy / surgery at time of review or already planned for admission by ED physician for non UGIB related indications * Patients who had conditions that might contraindicate the use of an ingestible capsule, such as capsule endoscopy (eg. Dysphagia, odynophagia, swallowing disorder, and/or Zenker's diverticulum, issues with the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, Crohn's disease, previous GI surgery, suspected ileus, bowel obstruction and/or perforation) * Patients with a known history of oesophageal or gastric varices * Patients with known UGI pathology (such as oesophageal/gastric cancer), or recent (within 3 months) upper GI ulcer bleeding, upper GI surgeries or procedures * Patients who are on anticoagulation * Patients with cardiac implantable electrical device (CIED) * Patients who had altered mental status * Pregnant and/or lactating women (Female patients below age 60, without history of hysterectomy or are not documented to be post-menopausal, will be given a urine pregnancy test to confirm they are not pregnant) * Patients who have an MRI investigation planned within 2 weeks