Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with CHB who were older than 18 years old and younger than 50 years old with HBsAg positivity more than 6 months; 2. Group 1 untreated group fulfils any one of the four natural history types of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Hepatitis B, 2022. 3. Group 2 nucleos(t)ide-treated CHB patients are required to have sustained control of their HBV DNA (\<100 IU/ml). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Pregnancy status; 2. Has been diagnosed with compensated/lost compensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma by imaging or other indicators; 3. Combined HAV, HCV, HEV infection, schistosomal liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, severe fatty liver, HIV infection; 4. Being on immunosuppressants or immunomodulators or hormonal drugs or biological agents, etc; 5. previous history of oncology, organ transplantation, etc., history of alcoholism (\>30 g/d for men, \>20 g/d for women); 6. Inadequate follow-up time and inadequate clinical/laboratory information; 7. Combined heart, brain, kidney, lung and other organ insufficiency or combined endocrine and haematological system and other major diseases; 8. Comorbid serious psychiatric diseases including severe anxiety or depression; 9. Unwilling to participate in this study.