Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: \- 1) Age range: 40-70 years old (40 ≤ y ≤ 70), gender is not limited. 2) Accept abdominal surgeries including Whipple's surgery, pancreatectomy, and subtotal gastrectomy. 3\) The subjects/guardians are able to understand the purpose of the trial, demonstrate sufficient compliance with the trial protocol, and sign an informed consent form (ICF) Exclusion Criteria: * 1\) Severe postoperative complications such as heart disease, pulmonary embolism, cerebral infarction, abdominal infection, and abdominal bleeding; 2) Patients with organic changes such as adhesions and obstructions indicated by imaging examinations such as gastrointestinal imaging; 3) The patient has damage, redness, bleeding, infection, and other conditions in both ears that are not suitable for ear acupuncture treatment. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the health group Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age range: 40-70 years old (40 ≤ y ≤ 70), gender is not limited. 2. No history of abdominal surgery or tumor, and no significant abnormalities were found through abdominal imaging examination. 3. The subjects/guardians are able to understand the purpose of the trial, demonstrate sufficient compliance with the trial protocol, and sign an informed consent form (ICF). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Symptoms of digestive discomfort such as diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting have been present for the past 30 days. 2. The patient has conditions such as damage, redness, bleeding, and infection in both ears that affect the assessment of ear acupoint information.