Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years; * Clinical diagnosis of end-stage renal disease requiring long-term hemodialysis treatment, with dialysis duration ≤ 3 months; * Urine output \> 500ml/day or GFR \> 3ml/min/1.72m2; * Signed and dated informed consented is obtained. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of vascular access dysfunction (blood flow rate \< 180ml/min); * Severe heart failure; * Active infection; * Infectious disease; * Patients with severe anemia; * Patients with polycystic kidney disease; * Expected dialysis duration \< 6 months; * Pregnancy or lactation women; * Patients who are participating in other clinical studies, or who have participated in other clinical studies within 3 months prior to enrollment; * Unwillingness to be followed up or poor adherence to treatment; * Other circumstances that the investigator considers unsuitable for enrolment.