Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * age ≥18 years old, male and female. * MOGAD is highly suspected. * Other inflammatory CNS disease control groups include: According to the diagnostic criteria and consensus of various diseases, the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, Autoimmune encephalitis (except NMDAR encephalitis), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP), Retinal Cerebrovascular disease (SUSAC), POEMS syndrome (POEMS), and neuropathy were confirmed. The monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), Sarcoidosis and so on. * The control group of non-inflammatory central nervous system diseases included: Migraine, CSVD, benign cranial hypertension, Glioma with definite diagnosis and no other autoimmune diseases. * Healthy controls include healthy people who have no autoimmune diseases through physical examination and other means. * Complete clinical data. * Informed consent of the patient or his guardian has been obtained. Exclusion Criteria: * According to the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Optic Neuromyelitis Spectrum Diseases (2021), patients with optic Neuromyelitis Spectrum diseases (NMOSD) with positive AQP4 were clearly diagnosed. * According to the Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune encephalitis in China (2022), the diagnosis was confirmed as NMDAR encephalitis. * Patients with positive anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody (GFAP-IgG) in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. * Lack of clinical data. * Unqualified blood samples. * The patient\'s informed consent was not obtained. * Misdiagnosis in the research process went wrong in this study.