Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient age 18 years old and older. * Patient's cooperation, motivation and good oral hygiene. * Atrophic posterior mandible of horizontal alveolar dimension range between 3 - 6 mm at the crest, with minimum 10 mm vertical height from the alveolar crest to the superior border of the inferior alveolar canal. * Absence of undercuts in buccal aspect of the ridge. * Favorable occlusion and no parafunctional habits. * Patients able to comply with the required recall visits. * No gender preface in selection of the patients. * Acceptable inter-arch space for the future prosthesis. Exclusion Criteria: * Any pathological condition at the site of surgery. * Patients with systemic diseases that contra-indicate the surgical procedure such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, bleeding disorders, serious osseous disorders, and mental disorders. * Patient taking drugs that could affect bone healing process as immunosuppressive drugs and bisphosphonates. * Heavy smoking and alcoholism. * Parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching. * Signs of acute infection or pus discharge. * Untreated periodontal disease or bad oral hygiene.