Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: A. For vegans: 1. Females/gender-diverse participants (ages 18 and over) who follow/followed a vegan diet during their pregnancy/pregnancies (If there is/was more than one pregnancy, at least during one of their pregnancies) 2. Parents (females/males/gender-diverse - ages 18 and over) who feed/fed their child/children (If there is more than one child, at least one of them) a vegan diet within the age of 0-5 years 3. Vegan mothers/gender-diverse participants (ages 18 and over) who breastfeed/breastfed their infant(s)/child(ren). Answering questions regarding their infant(s)/child(ren) up to an age of 5 years will be included 4. Pregnant and breastfeeding women/gender diverse participants/parents (f/m/d) who make rare exceptions to their vegan diet and a vegan diet of their child(ren) - up to an age of 5 years. Inclusion in the survey depends on the frequency of exceptions → determined through questions/given answers within the survey. Participants that consume animal products maximum twice a month will be included - hence participants who do not make vegetarian or pescetarian exceptions more than twice a month will be included 5.Confirmation of the consent form and participant information ( online - addressing the subjects, purpose and process of the study, opportunities for discussion of further questions, duration of the questionnaire, who is conducting the study, possibility for further inquiries) B. For medical experts: 1. Gynaecologists, paediatricians, general practitioners, pharmacists, dieticians with or without a consulting focus on vegans 2. Confirmation of the participant information/written consent Exclusion Criteria: A. For vegans: 1. Females/gender-diverse participants who change/changed their vegan diet (eat/ate a vegetarian or omnivorous diet) during their pregnancy/pregnancies 2. Parents who do not feed/have never fed their children a vegan diet at least up to an age of 5 years (If vegan mothers followed a vegan diet during their pregnancy, exclusion only relates to questions concerning their children) 3. No confirmation of the consent form and participant information (online) For the inclusion into the study at least one inclusion criteria (plus participant information) must be fulfilled. Exclusion (or not inclusion) will happen if only exclusion 3 is fulfilled. If only 1 or 2 is fulfilled - and 3 is not, participants will be included in the survey. All criteria will be proven by the study physician. B. For medical experts: 1. Other medical specialists than mentioned in inclusion criteria 2. No confirmation of the participant information/no written consent For the inclusion into the study all criteria must be fulfilled. Exclusion (or not inclusion) will happen if only one exclusion criteria is fulfilled. All criteria will be proven by the study physician. All participants have do understand the German language in order to answer the questionnaire.