Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Healthy individuals or those with mild or well-controlled chronic diseases. 2. Patients scheduled for outpatient colonoscopy. 3. Patients prescribed sodium phosphate or polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation. 4. Willing to participate and sign the informed consent form. 5. Age ≥18 years 6. ECOG performance status \<2 Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients who refuse to participate in the study. 2. Patients requiring enema preparation. 3. Uncontrolled hypertension. 4. Patients with diabetes. 5. Pregnant patients. 6. Suspected bowel obstruction. 7. Risk of aspiration. 8. Patients with severe ulcerative colitis, gastric retention, bowel perforation, toxic colitis, or megacolon. 9. Patients with severe systemic diseases (including NYHA class 3-4 heart failure, Child-Pugh class C liver failure). 10. Patients with a known allergy to polyethylene glycol. 11. Patients with a history of major gastrointestinal surgery or any other conditions that may interfere with study outcomes or adherence.