Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Francophone patient affiliated to a health insurance plan; * Patient having granted free, informed and written consent to participate in the study; * Patient with hypoxemia defined as SpO2 ≤ 90% under 6 L/min or FiO2 40% during spontaneous breathing trial. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of hypercapnia at the end of SBT (PaCO2 above 50 mmHg); * Presence of severe hypoxemia during SBT defined by SpO2 below 86% under 9 L/min or FiO2 = 50%; * Presence of poor clinical tolerance of SBT defined by polypnoea above 30/min, agitation, sweating, hypertension (PAS above 180 mmHg), tachycardia (HR above 140 bpm) or arrhythmia; * Presence of an ineffective cough or major bronchial congestion; * Patient already included in a type 1 interventional research protocol (RIPH1), modifying the procedure for ventilatory weaning and/or ventilatory support after extubation; * Anatomical factors precluding the use of NIV or high-flow oxygen therapy, notably facial or cervico-facial malformations; * Tracheostomized patient; * History of obstructive ventilatory disorders with indication for NIV post-extubation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) GOLD score III/IV; * History of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with equipment; * cardiogenic pulmonary edema; * Patient on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at the time of inclusion; * Patient under guardianship or curatorship; * Minor patients; * Patient deprived of liberty or under court protection; * Pregnant or breast-feeding women; * Patient in therapeutic limitation with decision not to re-intubate.