Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age over 18 years old. * Previous diagnosis of paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation less than 2 years after diagnosis. * Clinical indication to undergo a pulmonary vein isolation procedure using balloon cryoablation. Exclusion Criteria: * Severe left atrial dilatation (indexed volume \>48 ml/m2 or area \>40 cm2 or indexed diameter \>3.0 cm/m2). * Previous endocardial or surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. * Severe frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale score 7 or higher) or life expectancy less than 1 year. * Inability to understand or give informed consent. * Performance of other left atrial ablations in addition to pulmonary veins. * Need to use another catheter in addition to the cryoablation catheter to complete pulmonary vein isolation. * Contraindication to anticoagulation or intolerance to heparin. * Presence of intra-atrial thrombus. * Reversible cause of atrial fibrillation. * Severe mitral or aortic valve disease. * Congenital heart disease. * Pregnancy or the prospect of pregnancy in the next 12 months.